the photo of the crow from August 28 that you describe as juvenile, did you capture it in mid-flight or with the camera in hand?

I saw it flying when it landed on the tree branch, and again when it flew away, but I didn't manage to get a photo either time.

Think that the difference in plumage in juveniles is key

I agree. It's amazing how much the juvenile birds differ from the adults. I was unaware of this before this year.

Were you surprised by how many Baltimore Oriole songs Merlin detected before your eyes

Yeah, it's frustrating. It's not just the Baltimore Oriole and the Goldfinch. Merlin "hears" lots of birds that I have never seen.